<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal">Kalkınmanın eşiğindeki iki büyük ülke Türkiye ve Brezilya’da patlak veren protestolar, birçok uzmanı aradaki paralellikleri incelemeye sevk etti. Türkiye’deki protestoların fitilini, Gezi Parkı’ndaki ağaçların kesilmesi tutuştururken, Brezilya’daysa otobüs biletlerine getirilen zam ateşledi. Her iki ülkedeki protestolar, yakın aralıklarla patlak verdi. Alman Deustche Welle ajansı uzmanlara bu iki ülkeyi sordu.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">OKUMUŞ ÇOCUKLAR</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Brezilya ve Türkiye arasındaki benzerliklerden ilki, göstericilerin profillerine ilişkin. Uzmanlara göre, her iki ülkede de protestoları başlatanların çoğunu gençler ve üniversite öğrencileri oluşturuyor. Protestoların patlak verdiği andan itibaren İstanbul’dan Deutsche Welle’ye haber geçen gazeteci Senada Sokollu, göstericilerin entellektüel olduğunu belirtiyor. Sokollu, eylemcilerin çoğunluğunu daha önce hiçbir protestoya katılmamış kişilerin oluşturduğunu anlatırken, Facebook’ta sadece plajda çektirdiği fotoğrafları paylaşan bir kitlenin, bir anda politik içerikli mesajlarla inanılmaz aktif hale geldiğini de dikkat çekiyor.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">ZAMDAN ETKİLENMEZLER</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Alman Konrad Adenauer Vakfı’nın Brezilya’daki temsilcisi Felix Dane de, Brezilya’daki protestoları başlatanların profiline ilişkin şunları kaydediyor:</p> <p class="MsoNormal">“Gösterileri başlatanlar, aslında üniversite öğrencileri ve eğitimli orta sınıf. Yani aslında protestoların fitilini ateşleyen, otobüs biletlerine yapılan 20 cent’lik zamdan büyük ölçüde etkilenmeyecek olan kesim. Alt orta sınıfsa, protestolara sonradan dahil oldu.”</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">AŞAĞIDAN DEMOKRASİ</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Berlin Teknik Üniversitesi’nden protesto araştırmaları yürüten Prof. Peter Ulrich de, iki ülkedeki göstericilerin şu ortak yanına dikkat çekiyor:</p> <p class="MsoNormal">“Her iki ülkede de sesinin duyulmasını ve alınan kararlara doğrudan katılım isteyen kişilerin sayısı, günümüzde sürekli artıyor. Onların bu talepleri, alınan kararlara yeterince dâhil edilmedikleri duygusuyla yakından ilişkili ve bu talep, yani demokrasinin aşağıdan başlaması isteği, sadece birileri tarafından yönetilmek değil, aynı zamanda kaderlerini kendi ellerine almak isteği, kesinlikle her iki ülkedeki protestoların ortak çıkış noktalarından birini oluşturuyor.”</p> Ulrich, orta sınıfın protestolardaki taleplerinin dikkate alınma şansını yüksek buluyor: “Çünkü onların kendilerini ifade ediş şekli, tarzları ve talepleri, politik sistem içinde ses getirir. 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