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Neandertal fosilleri üzerinde yapılan araştırma, yaklaşık 50 bin yıl önce yok olan tür hakkında yeni bir özelliği ortaya çıkardı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Uluslararası bir araştırma ekibinin Neandertal kalıntıları üzerinde yaptığı araştırma, modern insana en yakın türün konuşma ve karmaşık dil özellikleri geliştirdiğini savundu.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">PLoS One dergisinde yayımlanan araştırma, hyoid (dil) kemiğindeki gelişimin Neandertallere konuşma yeteneği kazandırdığını gösterirken, 1989’da bu alanda elde edilen ilk bulguları da güçlendirdi.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Bilim insanlarının 24 yıl önce İsrail’in Kebara mağarasında keşfettikleri fosiller, dilin kökükü destekleyen ve konuşabilme yeteneğinin kazanılmasında büyük rol oynayan hyoid kemiğinin, Neandertallerde insanda olduğu gibi doğru konumlandığını göstermişti. Ancak birçok insan olmayan primatta bu kemik konuşma sağlamayamayacak şekilde konumlanmıştı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">BBC’nin haberine göre, bilim insanları Neandertallerin gırtlak yapısını incelemek için 3D X-ray görüntüleme ve mekanik modellemeye başvurdu. Analizler, Neandertallerde hyoid kemiğinin diğer kemikler tarafından desteklenerek, modern insanlardaki gibi benzer işlev gösterdiğine işaret etti.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Araştırmanın yazarları, “İç mimari bir kemiğin ortaya koyduğu görevi yansıtıyor. Bulgular, Neandertallerin konuşma yeteneğine sahip olduğu düşüncesiyle uyumluluk gösteriyor” ifadesini kullandı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">ATALARIMIZI BELKİ DE KONUŞABİLİYORDU</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Bilim insanları karmaşık dillerin yaklaşık 100 bin yıl önce oluşmaya başladığını düşünüyor. Modern insanlar bu yeteneği geliştiren ilk tür olarak kabul edilirken, 1989’da İsrail’de ve daha sonrasında İspanya’da bulunan hyoid fosilleri, 500 bin yıl önce yaşamış Homo heidelbergensis’e kadar uzanıyor. Bu tür, hem Homo sapiens, hem de Neandertallerin atalarından biriydi.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">New England Üniversitesi’nden Stephen Wroe, BBC’ye yaptığı açıklamada, ‘elde edilen bulguların Neandertallerin konuşabildiğine dair kesin kanıt olmadığını ama bu iddiayı doğrulamak için önemli bir adımı oluşturduğu’ söyledi.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Almanya’nın Max Plank Enstitüsü’nden Dr. Dan Dediu da ‘kesin bir sonuca ulaşmak için erken olduğunu ancak konuşma ve dil yeteneğinin modern insandan önceki kuşaklara kadar uzandığını anladıklarını’ belirtti. <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 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