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ABD’li iki araştırmacının yaptığı analizler, birçok omurgalı hayvanın evrim hızının iklim değişikliğinden 10 bin kat yavaş olduğunu gösterdi.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Arizona Üniversitesi’nde ekoloji ve evrim biyoloğu olan John Wiens ile Yale Üniversitesi’nde araştırma görevlisi olan Ignacio Quintero, amfibiler, kuşlar, kertenkeleler ve memelilerin yer aldığı 540 canlı türünü 17 farklı grup altında inceledi. Her bir tür için iklim değişikliğine uyum sağlamaları gereken evrim süresini hesaplayan araştırmacılar, türlerin genetik bilgileriyle jeolojik geçmişlerinde yaşadıkları bölgelerde yaşanan iklim değişikliğini karşılaştırdı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Ecology Letters dergisinde yer alan araştırmaya göre, canlı türlerinin atmosfer sıcaklığındaki bir derecelik değişime ayak uydurmak için 1 milyon yıl gerektiği anlaşıldı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Araştırma, insan kaynaklı iklim değişikliğinin beklendiği gibi 2100 yılında atmosfer sıcaklığını 4 derece artırması halinde, insanların soğuk bölgelere göç etmesinin zorunlu olduğuna işaret etti.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">BAZI TÜRLER EVRİM GEÇİRMEYEBİLİR</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Araştırma hakkında Discovery News’e yorum yapan Florida Üniversitesi’nden biyolog Robert Holt, ‘tarihte amfibiler, kertenkeleler ve kuşlarda görüldüğü gibi hızlı evrimin her zaman geçerli olmayabileceğini’ ifade etti.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Hızlı evrimi sağlayacak genetik yapı ve özelliklerin bazı türlerde diğerlerinden fazla olduğunu belirten Holt, “Atnalı yengeci 300 milyon yıldır neredeyse hiç değişim göstermedi. Ancak ekolojik nişleri de pek değişmedi. Kısaca evrimsel ‘durağanlık’ türlerin hayatta kalması için hayati önem taşıyor” ifadesini kullandı.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Holt, iklim değişikliğinden en çok etkilenmesi beklenen canlıların gerekli evrimi geçirmekte çok hızlı olamayabileceklerinin altını çizerken, ‘birçok türün yok olma tehlikesinin artmaya devam ettiğini’ söyledi.</p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> 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